Compare Montenegro (2006) - French Guiana (2004)

Compare Montenegro (2006) z French Guiana (2004)

	Montenegro (2006)	French Guiana (2004)

Administrative divisions	21 municipalities (opstini, singular - opstina); Andrijevia, Bar, Berane, Bijelo Polje, Budva, Cetinje, Danilovgrad, Herceg Novi, Kolasin, Kotor, Mojkovac, Niksic, Plav, Pluzine, Pljevlja, Podgornica, Rozaje, Savnik, Tivat, Ulcinj, Zabljak	none (overseas department of France)
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 29.6% (male 28,959; female 27,657) 15-64 years: 64.5% (male 66,388; female 57,020) 65 years and over: 5.9% (male 5,736; female 5,549) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	grains, tobacco, potatoes, citrus fruits, olives, grapes; sheepherding; commercial fishing negligible	corn, rice, manioc (tapioca), sugar, cocoa, vegetables, bananas; cattle, pigs, poultry
Airports	5 (2006)	11 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2006)	total: 4 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2006)	total: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 5 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 14,026 sq km land: 13,812 sq km water: 214 sq km	total: 91,000 sq km land: 89,150 sq km water: 1,850 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	slightly smaller than Indiana
Background	The use of the name Montenegro began in the 15th century when the Crnojevic dynasty began to rule the Serbian principality of Zeta; over subsequent centuries it was able to maintain its independence from the Ottoman Empire. From the 16th to 19th centuries, Montenegro became a theocratic state ruled by a series of bishop princes; in 1852, it was transformed into a secular principality. After World War I, Montenegro was part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and, at the conclusion of World War II, it became a constituent republic of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. When the latter dissolved in 1992, Montenegro federated with Serbia, first as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and, after 2003, in a looser union of Serbia and Montenegro. Following a three-year postponement, Montenegro held an independence referendum in the spring of 2006 under rules set by the EU. The vote for severing ties with Serbia exceeded the 55% threshold, allowing Montenegro to formally declare its independence on 3 June 2006.	First settled by the French in 1604, French Guiana was the site of notorious penal settlements until 1951. The European Space Agency launches its communication satellites from Kourou.
Birth rate	12.6 births/1,000 population (2004)	21 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	revenues: NA expenditures: NA	revenues: $225 million expenditures: $390 million, including capital expenditures of $105 million (1996)
Capital	name: Podgorica (administrative capital) geographic coordinates: 42 26 N, 19 16 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1 hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October note: Cetinje (capital city)	Cayenne
Climate	Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland	tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline	293.5 km	378 km
Constitution	12 October 1992 (was approved by the Assembly)	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Montenegro conventional short form: Montenegro local long form: Republika Crna Gora local short form: Crna Gora former: People's Republic of Montenegro, Socialist Republic of Montenegro	conventional long form: Department of Guiana conventional short form: French Guiana local long form: none local short form: Guyane
Currency	-	euro (EUR)
Death rate	9.2 deaths/1,000 population (2004)	4.82 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	NA	$1.2 billion (1988)
Dependency status	-	overseas department of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	-	none (overseas department of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Miodrag VLAHOVIC	none (overseas department of France)
Disputes - international	ethnic Albanians in Kosovo refuse demarcation of the boundary with Macedonia in accordance with the 2000 Macedonia-Serbia and Montenegro delimitation agreement, which includes a section of boundary with Montenegro	Suriname claims area between Riviere Litani and Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa)
Economic aid - recipient	NA	NA (1995)
Economy - overview	The republic of Montenegro severed its economy from federal control and from Serbia during the MILOSEVIC era and continues to maintain its own central bank, uses the euro instead of the Yugoslav dinar as official currency, collects customs tariffs, and manages its own budget. The dissolution of the loose political union between Serbia and Montenegro in 2006 led to separate membership in several international financial institutions, such as the IMF, World Bank, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Montenegro is pursuing its own membership in the World Trade Organization as well as negotiating a Stabilization and Association agreement with the European Union in anticipation of eventual membership. Severe unemployment remains a key political and economic problem for this entire region. Montenegro has privatized its large aluminum complex - the dominant industry - as well as most of its financial sector, and has begun to attract foreign direct investment in the tourism sector.	The economy is tied closely to the larger French economy through subsidies and imports. Besides the French space center at Kourou (which accounts for 25% of GDP), fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities. Forest and woodland cover 90% of the country. The large reserves of tropical hardwoods, not fully exploited, support an expanding sawmill industry that provides sawn logs for export. Cultivation of crops is limited to the coastal area, where the population is largely concentrated; rice and manioc are the major crops. French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy. Unemployment is a serious problem, particularly among younger workers.
Electricity - consumption	NA	423.2 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	2.864 billion kWh 2.864 billion kWh (2005 est.)	455 million kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m highest point: Bobotov Kuk 2,522 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Bellevue de l'Inini 851 m
Environment - current issues	pollution of coastal waters from sewage outlets, especially in tourist-related areas such as Kotor	NA
Ethnic groups	Montenegrin 43%, Serbian 32%, Bosniak 8%, Albanian 5%, other (Muslims, Croats, Roma) 12%	black or mulatto 66%, white 12%, East Indian, Chinese, Amerindian 12%, other 10%
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8089 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001)	Euros per US dollar - 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Filip VUJANOVIC (since 11 May 2003) head of government: Prime Minister Zeljko STURANOVIC (since 10 November 2006) cabinet: Ministries act as cabinet elections: president elected by direct vote for five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 11 May 2003 (next to be held in 2008); prime minister proposed by president, accepted by Assembly election results: Filip VUJANOVIC elected on the third round; Filip VUJANOVIC 63.3%, Miodrag ZIVKOVIC 30.8%	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Ange MANCINI (since 31 July 2002) head of government: President of the General Council Joseph HO-TEN-YOU (since 26 March 2001); President of the Regional Council Antoine KARAM (since 22 March 1992) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; presidents of the General and Regional Councils are appointed by the members of those councils
Exports	$171.3 million (2003)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	-	shrimp, timber, gold, rum, rosewood essence, clothing
Exports - partners	Switzerland 83.9%, Italy 6.1%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.3% (2003)	France 62%, Switzerland 7%, US 2% (2001)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	a red field bordered by a narrow golden-yellow stripe with the Montenegrin coat of arms centered	the flag of France is used
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $1.551 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: % NA industry: % NA services: % NA	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $8,300 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA	NA
Geographic coordinates	42 30 N, 19 18 E	4 00 N, 53 00 W
Geography - note	strategic location along the Adriatic coast	mostly an unsettled wilderness; the only non-independent portion of the South American continent
Highways	-	total: 722 km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs	-	small amount of marijuana grown for local consumption; minor transshipment point to Europe
Imports	$601.7 million (2003)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	-	food (grains, processed meat), machinery and transport equipment, fuels and chemicals
Imports - partners	Greece 10.2%, Italy 10.2%, Germany 9.6%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 9.2% (2003)	France 63%, US, Trinidad and Tobago, Italy (2002 est.)
Independence	3 June 2006 (from Serbia and Montenegro); note - a referendum on independence was held 21 May 2006	none (overseas department of France)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA
Industries	steelmaking, agricultural processing, consumer goods, tourism	construction, shrimp processing, forestry products, rum, gold mining
Infant mortality rate	-	total: 12.46 deaths/1,000 live births male: 13.3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 11.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.4% (2004)	1.5% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	CEI, EBRD, FAO, IAEA, ICFTU, ILO, Interpol, IPU, ITU, OSCE, UN, UPU, WHO, WTO (observer)	UPU, WCL, WFTU
Irrigated land	NA	20 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Constitutional Court (five judges with nine-year terms); Supreme Court (judges have life tenure)	Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel (highest local court based in Martinique with jurisdiction over Martinique, Guadeloupe, and French Guiana)
Labor force	259,100 (2004)	58,800 (1997)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 2% industry: 30% services: 68% (2004)	agriculture 18.2%, industry 21.2%, services, government, and commerce 60.6% (1980)
Land boundaries	total: 625 km border countries: Albania 172 km, Bosnia and Herzegovina 225 km, Croatia 25 km, Serbia 203 km	total: 1,183 km border countries: Brazil 673 km, Suriname 510 km
Land use	arable land: 13.7% permanent crops: 1% other: 85.3%	arable land: 0.14% permanent crops: 0.05% other: 99.81% (90% forest, 10% other) (2001)
Languages	Serbian (Ijekavian dialect - official), Bosnian, Albanian, Croatian	French
Legal system	based on civil law system	French legal system
Legislative branch	unicameral Assembly (81 seats, elected by direct vote for four-year terms; changed from 74 seats at the time of the elections) elections: last held 10 September 2006 (next to be held 2010) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Coalition for a European Montenegro 41, SNS 12, Coalition SPP/NS/DSS 11, PZP 11, Liberals and Bosniaks 3, Democratic League-Democratic Prosperity 1, Democratic Union of Albanians 1, Albanian Alternative 1	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council or Conseil Regional (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PSG 5, various left-wing parties 5, independents 7, other 2; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - PS 28.28%, various left parties 22.56%, RPR 15.91%, independents 8.6%, Walwari Committee 6%; seats by party - PS 11, various left parties 9, RPR 6, independents 3, Walwari Committee 2 note: one seat was elected to the French Senate on 27 September 1998 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; 2 seats were elected to the French National Assembly on 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP/RPR 1, Walwari Committee 1
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 76.89 years male: 73.57 years female: 80.38 years (2004 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 83% male: 84% female: 82% (1982 est.)
Location	Southeastern Europe, between the Adriatic Sea and Serbia	Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and Suriname
Map references	Europe	South America
Maritime claims	NA	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 4 ships (1000 GRT or over) 9,458 GRT/10,172 DWT by type: cargo 4 registered in other countries: 4 (Bahamas 2, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2) (2006)	-
Military - note	Montenegrin plans call for the establishment of a fully professional armed forces	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	-	no regular military forces; Gendarmerie
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$2.306 billion	NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	NA
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 52,294 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 33,914 (2004 est.)
National holiday	National Day, 13 July	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: Montenegrin(s) adjective: Montenegrin	noun: French Guianese (singular and plural) adjective: French Guianese
Natural hazards	destructive earthquakes	high frequency of heavy showers and severe thunderstorms; flooding
Natural resources	bauxite, hydroelectricity	bauxite, timber, gold (widely scattered), petroleum, kaolin, fish, niobium, tantalum, clay
Net migration rate	-	6.27 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Albanian Alternative or AA; Bosniak Party or BS [Rafet HUSOVIC]; Coalition for a European Montenegro (Democratic Party of Socialists or DPS and Social Democratic Party or SDP) [Milo DJUKANOVIC]; Coalition SPP/NS/DSS; Democratic League-Party of Democratic Prosperity [Mehmet BARHDI]; Democratic Serbian Party of Montenegro or DSS; Democratic Union of Albanians or DUA [Ferhat DINOSA]; Liberal Party of Montenegro or LP [Miodrag ZIVKOVIC]; Movement for Changes or PZP [Nebojsa MEDOJEVIC]; People's Party of Montenegro or NS [Predrag POPOVIC]; Serbian People's Party of Montenegro or SNS [Andrija MANDIC]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Ranko KRIVOKAPIC]; Social Democratic Party of Montenegro or DPS [Milo DJUKANOVIC]; Socialist People's Party or SNP [Predrag BULATOVIC]	Guyanese Democratic Action or ADG [Andre LECANTE]; Guyanese Socialist Party or PSG [Marie-Claude VERDAN]; Guyana Democratic Forces or FDG [Georges OTHILY]; Popular National Guyanese Party or PNPG [Jose DORCY]; Socialist Party or PS [Paul DEBRIETTE]; Union for a Popular Movement or UMP [Muriel ICARE]; Walwari Committee (aligned with the PRG in France) [Christine TAUBIRA-DELANON]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	630,548 (2004)	191,309 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	12.2% (2003)	NA
Population growth rate	3.5% (2004)	2.25% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Cayenne, Degrad des Cannes, Saint-Laurent du Maroni
Radio broadcast stations	31 (2004)	AM 2, FM 14 (including 6 repeaters), shortwave 6 (including 5 repeaters) (1998)
Railways	total: 250 km standard gauge: 250 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified 169 km) (2005)	-
Religions	Orthodox, Muslim, Roman Catholic	Roman Catholic
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.16 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.03 male(s)/female total population: 1.12 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: modern telecommunications system with access to European satellites domestic: GSM wireless service, available through two providers with national coverage, is growing rapidly international: country code - 382 (the old code of 381 used by Serbia and Montenegro will also remain in use until Feb 2007); two international switches connect the national system	general assessment: NA domestic: fair open-wire and microwave radio relay system international: country code - 594; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	177,663 (2005)	51,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	543,220 (2005)	138,200 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	13 (2004)	3 (plus eight low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	highly indented coastline with narrow coastal plain backed by rugged high limestone mountains and plateaus	low-lying coastal plains rising to hills and small mountains
Total fertility rate	-	3.05 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	27.7% (2005)	22% (2001)
Waterways	-	3,760 km note: 460 km navigable by small oceangoing vessels and coastal and river steamers, 3,300 km by native craft (2004)

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